The correlation between brain functional network connectivity and inflammatory cytokines in patients with bipolar disorder II depressive episodes / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the functional connectivity of default mode network (DMN) and limbic system, the expression level of inflammatory cytokine and their correlation in bipolar disorder type Ⅱ(BDⅡ) patients with depressive episodes.Methods:Thirty-three BD Ⅱ patients with depressive episodes and forty-six healthy controls were recruited to complete the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). After image preprocessing, the DMN and limbic system were extracted from the image data by independent component analysis (ICA), so as to compare the differences of functional connectivity of resting brain network between the patients and the controls.Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), interleukin-10(IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) in patients and healthy controls were detected.The correlation between functional connectivity of different brain regions and inflammatory cytokines was analyzed.SPSS 17.0 software was used for data statistical analysis.The two samples were compared using t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test, and Spearman was used for correlation testing. Results:In BDⅡ patients, the functional connectivity of the right medial prefrontal cortex(cluster-size=7 voxel, cluster-level PGRF<0.05, MNI: x=6, y=54, z=9, t=-3.765) and the left superior frontal gyrus(cluster-size=10 voxel, cluster-level PGRF<0.05, MNI: x=-21, y=54, z=15, t=-4.139) in DMN decreased, while the left cerebellum Ⅳ and Ⅴ lobules of limbic system (cluster-size=21 voxel, cluster-level PGRF<0.05, MNI: x=-15, y=-24, z=-30, t=4.468) and cerebellar tonsil of left cerebellum posterior lobe(cluster-size=8 voxel, cluster-level PGRF<0.05, MNI: x=-15, y=-51, z=-45, t=4.138) in the limbic system increased.Compared with the healthy controls, the serum levels of IL-10(7.39 (6.33, 9.32) pg/mL vs 6.54 (5.84, 7.39) pg/mL, Z=-2.937, P=0.003)and CCL4 (39.31 (25.77, 68.70) pg/mL vs 31.30 (20.32, 40.89) pg/mL, Z=-2.209, P=0.027) were higher in BDⅡ patients.The functional connectivity of the left cerebellum Ⅳ and Ⅴ lobules was positively correlated with the serum levels of IL-10 ( r=0.432, P=0.031) and that of the cerebellar tonsil of left cerebellum posterior lobe was positively correlated with the serum levels of IL-10 ( r=0.429, P=0.032) and CCL4 ( r=0.402, P=0.046). Conclusion:The functional connectivity of DMN and limbic system in BDⅡ patients with depressive episode is abnormal in resting-state fMRI.The expression level of inflammatory cytokines in patients' serum increases, and has correlation with the functional connection of limbic system.

Fluorescent aptasensor for detection of live foodborne pathogens based on multicolor perovskite-quantum-dot-encoded DNA probes and dual-stirring-bar-assisted signal amplification / 药物分析学报

In this study,a fluorescent(FL)aptasensor was developed for on-site detection of live Salmonella typhimurium(S.T.)and Vibrio parahaemolyticus(V.P.).Complementary DNA(cDNA)of aptamer(Apt)-functionalized multicolor polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-perovskite quantum dots(cDNA-POSS-PQDs)were used as encoded probes and combined with dual-stirring-bar-assisted signal amplification for pathogen quantification.In this system,bar 1 was labeled with the S.T.and V.P.Apts,and then bar 2 was functionalized with cDNA-POSS-PQDs.When S.T.and V.P.were introduced,pathogen-Apt complexes would form and be released into the supernatant from bar 1.Under agitation,the two complexes reached bar 2 and subsequently reacted with cDNA-POSS-PQDs,which were immobilized on MXene.Then,the encoded probes would be detached from bar 2 to generate FL signals in the supernatant.Notably,the pathogens can resume their free state and initiate next cycle.They swim between the two bars,and the FL signals can be gradually enhanced to maximum after several cycles.The FL signals from released encoded probes can be used to detect the analytes.In particular,live pathogens can be distinguished from dead ones by using an assay.The detection limits and linear range for S.T.and V.P.were 30 and 10 CFU/mL and 102-106 CFU/mL,respectively.Therefore,this assay has broad application potential for simultaneous on-site detection of various live pathogenic bacteria in water.

Triclosan exposure to pregnant women and its association with birth outcomes / 上海预防医学

Triclosan(TCS)is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that is widely used in personal care products. Humans are exposed to these chemicals through oral intake or direct dermal absorption. The main way to eliminate TCS is through urine. Studies have shown that TCS may interfere with thyroid function and the reproductive endocrine system. In recent years, increasing epidemiological studies have focused on TCS exposure during pregnancy and the relationship between TCS exposure and birth outcomes. Compared with other countries and regions, pregnant women have lower levels of TCS exposure in China. Animal experiments suggested that high dose of TCS exposure during pregnancy may affect birth outcomes through its endocrine disruption. This review is aimed to summarize the effects of TCS exposure during pregnancy on the birth outcomes.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of 88 cases of overlap myositis / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical and immunological characteristics of overlap myositis (OM) patients.@*METHODS@#The data of 368 patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from January 2004 to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively, including demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics (including fever, Gottron' s sign/papules, Heliotrope rash, V-sign, Shawl sign, Mechanic' s hands, skin ulceration, periungual erythema, subcutaneous calcinosis, dysphagia, myalgia, myasthenia, arthritis, Raynaud' s phenomenon, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension and myocardial involvement), laboratory characteristics, immunological characteristics [including antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factors, myositis-associated autoantibodies (MAAs) and myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs)] and survival. The clinical and immunological characteristics and prognostic differences of OM and non-OM were compared. The Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank methods were used to analyze the survival.@*RESULTS@#A total of 368 patients were included. 23.9% (88/368) of IIMs patients were OM patients. Among the 88 OM patients, 85.2% (75/88) of them were female, and the median interval between disease onset and diagnosis was 13.5 months. The incidence of overlapped connective tissue diseases in the OM patients was dermatomyositis (DM) in 60.2%, polymyositis (PM) in 3.4%, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) in 2.3% and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS) in 34.1%. Compared with the non-OM patients, the proportion of the females in the OM patients was higher (85.2% vs. 72.1%, P=0.016), the OM patients had longer disease duration [13.5(4.5, 48.0) months vs. 4.0(2.0, 12.0) months, P < 0.001]. As for clinical characteristics, compared with the non-OM patients, the incidence of V-sign (25.0% vs. 44.6%, P=0.001) and periungual erythema (8.0% vs. 19.6%, P=0.013) were lower; the incidence of Raynaud's phenomenon (14.8% vs. 1.8%, P < 0.001), interstitial pneumonia (88.6% vs. 72.1%, P=0.001), pulmonary hypertension (22.7% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.001) and myocardial involvement (18.2% vs. 9.3%, P=0.033) were higher. As for immunological characteristics, compared with the non-OM patients, the incidence of elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (31.8% vs. 45.0%, P=0.035) was lower and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (58.0% vs. 44.6%, P=0.037) was higher; the positive rates of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) (85.1% vs. 63.4%, P=0.001) and rheumatoid factors (RF) (40.2% vs. 17.8%, P < 0.001) and anti-Ro-52 (71.6% vs. 56.1%, P=0.038) in serum were higher. There was no significant difference in the survival between the OM patients and non-OM patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Pulmonary hypertension and myocardial involvement were frequently observed in OM.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of patients with anti-synthetase syndrome complicated with cardiac involvement / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical and immunological features of cardiac involvement in patients with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS).@*METHODS@#In the study, 96 patients diagnosed with ASS hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital from April 2003 to November 2020 were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were accompanied with cardiac involvement. Demographic features, clinical characteristics (Gottron's sign/papules, muscle damage, etc.), comorbidities, laboratory indices (creatine kinase, inflammatory indicators, immunoglobulin, complement, lymphocyte subset, autoantibodies, etc.) were collected and the differences between the two groups were analyzed statistically.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence of cardiac involvement in the patients with ASS was 25.0% (24/96). The ASS patients complicated with cardiac involvement presented with elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI, 75.0%, 18/24), pericardial effusion (33.3%, 8/24), reduction of left ventricular function (33.3%, 8/24) and valves regurgitation (33.3%, 8/24). The age of onset of the patients with cardiac involvement was older than that of the patients without cardiac involvement [(54.58±10.58) years vs. (48.47±13.22) years, P=0.043). Arthritis was observed less frequently in the patients with cardiac involvement than those without cardiac involvement (37.5% vs. 61.1%, P=0.044). In addition, rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (54.2% vs. 30.6%, P=0.037) was observed more frequently in the patients with cardiac involvement than those without cardiac involvement. As compared with the ASS patients without cardiac involvement, C-reactive protein (CRP) [(13.55 (8.96, 38.35) mg/L vs. 4.60 (1.37, 17.40) mg/L, P=0.001], and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) [408.0 (255.0, 587.0) U/L vs. 259.5 (189.8, 393.8) U/L, P=0.007] were significantly higher in the patients with cardiac involvement. Anti-Ro-52 antibody was detected more commonly in the ASS patients with cardiac involvement compared with the patients without cardiac involvement (91.7% vs. 69.4%, P=0.029). No significant differences were found in the comorbidities, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ferritin (Fer), immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), lymphocyte subset between the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Cardiac involvement is common in ASS, mainly manifested as myocardial damage. It is necessary to be aware of cardiac complications in patients with elevated CRP, elevated LDH and positive anti-Ro-52 antibody.

Clinical Significance of Common Gene Mutations in 53 Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Harboring 11q23/MLL Rearrangements / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical significance of AML patients with 11q23/MLL rearrangement, and to evaluate the effect of those mutations on the AML patients.@*METHODS@#53 cases involving translocations of chromosome 11q23 were identified by chromosome banding analysis. MLL rearrangements were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or multiplex nested PCR. The samples were screened for mutations in the candidate genes FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD, TET2, N-RAS, ASXLI, EZH2, DNMT3, C-Kit, NPM1, WT1, CEBPA by using genomic DNA-PCR and deep-sequencing.@*RESULTS@#21/53 MLL-rearranged AML cases showed at least one additional chromosomal aberrations. The most common additional aberration was +8. Gene mutations were observed in 23 cases (43.4%) and most cases showed singal mutation. N-RAS mutation was more frequent (8 cases, 15.1%), followed by WT1 mutation in 4 cases (7.5%), FLT3-ITD mutation in 3 cases, ASXL1 mutation in 2 cases, DNMT3A mutation in 2 cases, EZH2 mutation in 1 case, c-Kit17 mutation in 1 case, FLT3-TKD mutation in 1 case, and FLT3-ITD and TKD mutation coexistent in 1 case. No mutation was detected in CEBPA, NPM1, C-KIT8, TET2. Median OS for gene mutated patients was 8.5 months and 13 months for no mutated patients. Median OS for patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was 22.5 months and 7.5 months for patients who olny received chemotherapy.@*CONCLUSION@#A relatively high mutation frequency is observed in AML patients with 11q23/MLL rearrangements and most cases shows single mutation. The RAS signaling pathway alterations are most common. Gene mutation does not affect the OS of these patients, who show poor prognosis. A significantly higher Hb at initial diagnosis in FLT3 mutated patients is significantly higher than that in FLT3 wild-type cases. Patients who underwent HSCT show a better prognosis than those only received chemotherapy.

Effect of xeroderma pigmentosum group D gene on proliferation of hu-man umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells induced by Ox-LDL / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of xeroderma pigmentosum group D ( XPD) gene on the prolifera-tion of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells ( HUASMCs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( Ox-LDL) . METHODS:The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2/XPD was transfected into HUASMCs by liposome .The cells were di-vided into blank control group , pEGFP-N2 group, pEGFP-N2/XPD group, Ox-LDL group, Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2 group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group.The proliferation rate of the cells was detected by MTT and EdU assays .The apop-totic rate and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry .The protein levels of XPD, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:Compared with blank control group , the expression of XPD was increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group (P<0.05).According to the results of MTT and EdU assays , the cell proliferation in pEGFP-N2/XPD group was reduced compared with blank control group (P<0.05).Compared with Ox-LDL group, the cell prolifera-tion in Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group was significantly inhibited (P<0.05).According to the results of flow cytome-try, the cell proportion of S phase decreased and the G 0/G1-phase cell proportion increased significantly in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, repectively (P<0.05).Compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, the protein level of Bcl-2 decreased and the protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL +pEGFP-N2/XPD group, respectively (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:XPD inhibits the proliferation of HUASMCs and promotes their apoptosis , and reduces the promoting effect of Ox-LDL on the proliferation of HUVSMCs .XPD may be the target for treatment of atherosclerosis .

Effect of antisense locked nucleic acid blocking translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To observe the effect of antisense locked nucleic acid (anti-LNA) blocking the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on the viability and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.METHODS:The antiLNA that was complementary to the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 was designed,synthesized,and introduced into the HepG2 cells by cationic liposome-mediated transfection.The mRNA and protein levels of c-Myc in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.The change of cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry,and the toxicity of anti-LNA to the cells was detected by MTT assay.RESULTS:Five days after transfection,the mRNA level of c-Myc in anti-LNA group was 0.335 ±0.016,and the protein level was 0.448 ± 0.037,significantly lower than those in control group (both P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of apoptotic cells in anti-LNA group was 32％ ±-6％,which was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:Antisense locked nucleic acid targeting at the translation initiation region of cmyc exon 2 shows strong inhibitory effects on the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Assessment of pressure-volume loop in patients with pulmonary hypertension and the correlation with New York Heart Function Classification / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To analyze the correlation between the pressure volume parameters and cardiac function in terms of New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods Among 36 patients with pulmonary hypertension admitted in our center between April 2015 to June 2016, right heart catheterization recording right atrial pressure curve,right ventricular pressure curve,pulmonary arterial pressure and oxygen saturation curve in different parts was performal.All patients recived underwent cardiac MRI examination to obtain a single cardiac cycle and the use of Mass software to measure right ventricular volume continuously and right ventricular pressure-volume loop parameters were then obtained. Patients were divided into different groups according to the NYHA functional classification, and the correlation between the parameters of each group and the cardiac function classes a were analyzed. Results Compare to patients with NYHA class Ⅰheart function,patients with NYHA heart function class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ had significantly higher right ventricular end diastolic pressure(P < 0.05)and higher right ventricular systolic pressure (P < 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that cardiac function of NYHA classⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲhad position correlation with RVESV,RVEDP and RVESP wheras negative correlation with RVEDV. ROC curve analysis showed that,when the patients were divided into 2 groups as NYHAⅠvs. NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ,NYHA classification for predicting the outcome of the NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ level, pulmonary artery elasticity and right ventricular end systolic pressure had larger area under curves respectively. Conclusions Pressure-volume parameters of right ventricles are more objective indicators for cardiac function assessment for pulmonary hypertension patients and evaluation of disease progression especialy in patients with mild symptoms.

Effect of antisense locked nucleic acid blocking translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To observe the effect of antisense locked nucleic acid (anti-LNA) blocking the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on the viability and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.METHODS:The antiLNA that was complementary to the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 was designed,synthesized,and introduced into the HepG2 cells by cationic liposome-mediated transfection.The mRNA and protein levels of c-Myc in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.The change of cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry,and the toxicity of anti-LNA to the cells was detected by MTT assay.RESULTS:Five days after transfection,the mRNA level of c-Myc in anti-LNA group was 0.335 ±0.016,and the protein level was 0.448 ± 0.037,significantly lower than those in control group (both P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of apoptotic cells in anti-LNA group was 32％ ±-6％,which was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:Antisense locked nucleic acid targeting at the translation initiation region of cmyc exon 2 shows strong inhibitory effects on the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Assessment of pressure-volume loop in patients with pulmonary hypertension and the correlation with New York Heart Function Classification / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To analyze the correlation between the pressure volume parameters and cardiac function in terms of New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods Among 36 patients with pulmonary hypertension admitted in our center between April 2015 to June 2016, right heart catheterization recording right atrial pressure curve,right ventricular pressure curve,pulmonary arterial pressure and oxygen saturation curve in different parts was performal.All patients recived underwent cardiac MRI examination to obtain a single cardiac cycle and the use of Mass software to measure right ventricular volume continuously and right ventricular pressure-volume loop parameters were then obtained. Patients were divided into different groups according to the NYHA functional classification, and the correlation between the parameters of each group and the cardiac function classes a were analyzed. Results Compare to patients with NYHA class Ⅰheart function,patients with NYHA heart function class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ had significantly higher right ventricular end diastolic pressure(P < 0.05)and higher right ventricular systolic pressure (P < 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that cardiac function of NYHA classⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲhad position correlation with RVESV,RVEDP and RVESP wheras negative correlation with RVEDV. ROC curve analysis showed that,when the patients were divided into 2 groups as NYHAⅠvs. NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ,NYHA classification for predicting the outcome of the NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ level, pulmonary artery elasticity and right ventricular end systolic pressure had larger area under curves respectively. Conclusions Pressure-volume parameters of right ventricles are more objective indicators for cardiac function assessment for pulmonary hypertension patients and evaluation of disease progression especialy in patients with mild symptoms.

Cisplatin inhibits proliferation of cervical carcinoma cell line by up-regulating Stat1 expression / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of Stat1 gene in the proliferation and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cervical cancer HeLa cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The protein expression of Stat1 in the Hela cells exposed to gradient concentrations of cisplatin (DDP) was detected by Western blotting with or without small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated Stat1 gene silencing. The effect of Sata1 silencing on the sensitivity to DDP and cell proliferation of the cells was tested using MTT assay and BrdU assay, and the expression of c-Myc was detected by Western blotting in the cells treated with siRNA and DDP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of Stat1 in Hela cells exposed to DDP increased with the DDP concentrations, reaching 1.5 folds of the baseline at a DDP concentration of 5 mg/L and 2 folds at 10 mg/L. Stat1-siRNA effectively reduced Stat1 expression in Hela cells, promoted the cell proliferation, and enhanced the expression of c-Myc; DDP inhibited the cell growth and down-regulated c-Myc expression. Stat1-siRNA rescued DDP-induced inhibition of cell growth and c-Myc down-regulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of Stat1 is associated with DDP sensitivity in cervical cancer cells, and Stat1 silencing can increase the sensitivity to DDP and c-Myc expression of the cells.</p>

Chemical constituents of Artemisia anomala / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Artemisia anomala. Methods: Various chromatographic techniques were adopted to separate the constituents, and the spectroscopic analysis was used to identify their structures. Results: Seven compounds were isolated and identified as (4aS, 7S, 7aR)-methyl 7-hydroxy-7-methyl-1, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 7a-hexahydrocyclopenta [c] pyran-4- carboxylate (1), rehmaglutin D (2), (E)-6-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylocta-2, 7-dienoic acid (3), chrysoeriol (4), luteolin (5), apigenin (6), and p-coumaric acid (7). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named artanoiridoid; Compound 2 is firstly reported in this genus; Compounds 3, 4, and 7 are separated from this plant for the first time.

Clinical and cytogenetic study of 6 cases of hematological disorders associated with 20q- and t (20;21) (q11;q11) abnormalities / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze clinical and cytogenetic features of hematological disorders associated with 20q- and t (20;21) (q11;q11) abnormalities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Following short-term culture of bone marrow cells, karyotypic analysis was carried out with R-banding. 20q- and t(20;21) (q11;q11) was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using dual-color 20q11/12 probe, ST 20qter /ST 21qter probes, SE20(D20Z1)/SE 13/21 probes, and WC20/WC21 probes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six (2.3%) of the 257 patients with 20q- detected by conventional karyotypic analysis were found to have t(20;21) (q11;q11) abnormality. Five cases had myelodysplastic syndrome, 1 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Above results were all confirmed by FISH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>i (20q-), t(20;21) (q11;q11) seems to be a rare but recurrent chromosomal abnormality which is specifically associated with myeloid disease, late occurrence and poor prognosis. The translocation between chromosome 20q11 and 21q11 may form a novel fusion gene which has an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>

Clinical and experimental study of a multiple myeloma case with low hypodiploidy / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the clinical and laboratory characterization of a case of multiple myeloma with low hypodiploid complex karyotyptic abnormalities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cytogenetic examination of bone marrow performed by 24 h culture method. R-banding technique was used to analyze the karyotype. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed using chromosome probes such as 13q14, p53, Rb1, 1q21 and IgH/CCND1. The DNA content was detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chromosome analysis revealed complex chromosomal rearrangement. Five cells had a low hypodiploid karyotype with 35 chromosomes. Three cells had the duplication of the low hypodiploid karyotype. Four cells had a normal karyotype. Monosomy 1, 13, 14, 17 and a mark chromosome 1 derived from chromosome 11 resulting in the amplication of CCND1 gene were confirmed by interphase FISH. Flow cytometric analysis displayed a low hypodiploid peak with the DNA index of 0.8426.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results indicated that the low hypodiploidy is a rare abnormality in multiple myeloma. Interphase FISH is a reliable method for detecting molecular abnormalities in multiple myeloma.</p>

Fluorescence in situ hybridization study of acute myeloid leukemia with cryptic chromosome rearrangements / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect specific chromosome rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using interphase-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All cases were studied by R-band karyotypic analysis using direct method and/or short-term culture for chromosomes preparation. Interphase-FISH was performed in 108 cases of AML with M5, M4, M2, M3 subtypes including 103 cases with normal karyotypes, 4 cases with chromosomal abnormalities other than specific chromosomal rearrangements using chromosome translocation probe such as AML1/ETO, PML/RARα, CBFβ/MYH11 and MLL.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 38 cases of M2-AML without t(8;21) on conventional cytogenetics(CC) analysis, 4 cases showed positivity for AML1/ETO fusion transcript, which included 2 cases with typical signal model and 2 with insertion. Of 9 cases of M3-AML without t(15;17) on CC analysis, 6 showed positivity for PML/RARα fusion transcript including 2 with typical signal model, 3 with insertion, one without PML/RARα rearrangement on reverse transcription-PCR and FISH assay using PML/RARα probe. FISH assay using the RARα dual color, break-apart rearrangement probe indicated a partial deletion of RARα. Of 23 cases with M4 or M4EO-AML without inv(16) on CC analysis, 3 showed positivity for CBFβ/MYH11 fusion transcript. Of 38 cases without 11q23 translocation on CC analysis, all cases were negative for MLL rearrangement.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Interphase-FISH can detect specific chromosome rearrangements such as AML1/ETO, PML/RARα or CBFβ/MYH11 in some AML cases with normal karyotype, though it seemed less useful for the detection of MLL rearrangement.</p>

Synchronous primary endometrial and fallopian tube cancers: one case report / 南方医科大学学报

A patient was admitted for menopause for 2 years and abnormal vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain for 2 months. Gynecological examination revealed uterine atrophy without abnormal findings in the bilateral adnexa. CA125 and CEA levels were normal. The patient underwent laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Pathological examination of the surgical specimens revealed synchronous primary cancers stage Ia in both the endometrium and the right fallopian tube. The patient then received 6 cycles of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin combined with docetaxel given intravenously and remained alive without evidence of recurrence. Synchronous primary endometrial and fallopian tube cancer is a rare clinical entity, and laparoscopic surgery with postoperative chemotherapy can be considered for stage I patients.

Expression of ifi56 gene in ATRA-induced APL cell differentiation and construction of ifi56 gene eukaryotic expression plasmid / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the expression of ifi56 gene in the ATRA-induced acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cell differentiation and to construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid of ifi56 gene. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of ifi56 in NB4 cells treated with ATRA for different time. Human ifi56 cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pEGFP-C1 vector, then was transfected into 293T cells. The expression of the recombinant protein in 293T cells was detected by Western blot. The localization of IFI56 protein was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that the ifi56 mRNA was almost undetectable in untreated NB4 cells, but it significantly increased after ATRA treatment for 72 hours. The cDNA fragment of ifi56 was inserted into the expressing plasmid pEGFP-C1 successfully. The expression of EGFP-IFI56 fusion protein with a molecular weight about 83 kD was detected by Western blot. The EGFP-IFI56 protein was localized in cytoplasm mainly. It is concluded that the expression of ifi56 is enhanced significantly when the differentiation of APL cells was induced by ATRA. Gene ifi56 is successfully cloned into eukaryotic expression vector and the fusion protein is expressed in the cytoplasm mainly.

Outcome evaluation on health education about iodine deficiency disorders in Congjiang County, Gulzbou Province in 2007 / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in controlling the iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in order to provide reference data for the further prevention and control. Methods Each village of 3 towns in Congjiang County was selected in 2007, where the health education lasting for 10 months had been implemented in the school students of 3-6 grade and the villagers. The school students of 3-6 grade and 30 housewives in the villagers were investigated for their IDD control knowledge, the salt consuming conditions as well as the sales of both rough and fine salt at a salt retail site in each village before and after the health education was implemented. Results The awareness rate of the knowledge of IDD control in the students and housewives was 91.4% (581/636) and 78.3% (282/360), respectively after intervention, which significantly increased (χ2= 532.044, 326.117, both P < 0.01) compared with the rate of 28.2% (184/652) and 11.4% (41/360) before intervention. The proportion of consuming fine salt was 91.8%(146/159) and 95.6%(86/90), significantly inereased(χ2= 236.623, 135.350, both P < 0.01) compared with 6.1%(10/163) and 7.8% (7/90) found before intervention. The selling proportion of fine salt at the salt retail site in the village was 60.0%(900/1500), significantly increased(χ2= 824.176, P < 0.01) compared with 10.0%(150/1500) before intervention. Conclusions Health education and promotion is solid foundation for effectively controlling IDD, through which the students and villagers are actively and voluntarily involved in the program and hence have formed good living and hygiene habits, thus expected effect has been obtained.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies on a myeloid leukemia patient with ins(8;21)(q22;q22.1q22.3) / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report a case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the insertion (8;21)(q22;q22.1q22.3). A 33-year-old Chinese woman was referred to our hospital. Hematologic data showed WBC 42.7 x 10(9)/L with monocytosis (monocyte counts 7.296 x 10(9)/L). Bone marrow aspirate was hypercellular with 4.5% monoblasts and 7.5% promonocytes. At first she was diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) according to the FAB criteria. Initially the patient received supportive care only, but her general condition rapidly became worse three months later. The monoblasts and promonocytes in the bone marrow rose to 20.5%. After two cycles of combined chemotherapy she obtained complete remission.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromosome specimens were prepared by short-term culture of bone marrow cells. Karyotype analysis was carried out by R-banding technique. Three fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses were performed using AML1-ETO dual color, dual fusion probe, whole chromosome painting 8 and 21 probes, and cen-8 and Tel 21qter probes, respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detecting the AML1-ETO fusion transcript was also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Conventional cytogenetic analysis showed a karyotype of 46,XX,ins(8;21) (q22;q22.1q22.3)[7]/46,XX[3]. FISH tests confirmed the insertion. RT-PCR analysis detected the AML1-ETO fusion transcript.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We consider that this patient should be rediagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia according to the criteria proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) and that FISH and RT-PCR play an important role in verification of the ins(8;21).</p>